Which terms are deemed inappropriate when referring to the deaf population?

The terms "Deaf mutes" and "Deaf and dumb" are considered inappropriate when referring to the deaf population for several reasons rooted in respect and understanding of identity.

"Deaf mutes" implies that deaf individuals cannot speak, which is not true for all deaf people. Many may choose to use spoken language, sign language, or both. Furthermore, the term carries an outdated and negative connotation, associating deafness with a lack of ability or silence, rather than recognizing the rich communication methods that exist within the deaf community.

Similarly, "Deaf and dumb" is offensive because it incorrectly suggests that being deaf equates to being unable to communicate effectively. The term "dumb" historically implies a lack of intelligence or capacity to reason, which is an insidious stereotype that does not reflect the reality of deaf individuals. It dismisses their linguistic capabilities and contributions to society.

In contrast, "hard of hearing" is a widely accepted term and is used to describe individuals with some degree of hearing loss who may still utilize hearing and may not identify as deaf. This term is generally seen as respectful and acknowledges the diverse spectrum of hearing abilities, thus making it more appropriate than the other two terms.